DIETARY HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG YOUTH IN DUHOK, IRAQ
Keywords:
Dietary habit, Duhok, , Physical activity, Youth
Abstract
https://doi.org/10.31386/dmj.2021.15.2.3
Background: Unhealthy dietary habit and physical inactivity are associated with higher risks for chronic morbidity and premature mortality. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and types of dietary habits and physical activity among youths in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 in Duhok Governorate. Systematic random sampling was used to select 729 youths (15-24 years-old), who visited Premarital Screening and Counselling Health Clinic in Duhok city. Data collection was done using questionnaires developed based on the WHO STEPwise approach to Non-Communicable Diseases surveillance.
Results: A total of 729 youth (366 males and 363 females) were interviewed, Fruit, vegetables, dairy products, and sugar-sweetened soft drinks consumption four and more times per week was (68.1%, 79.2%, 65% and 70.8) respectively, while fish consumption was (4.4%) ≥2 /week. More than half (55.8%) didn’t meet the WHO physical activity recommendations.
Conclusions: Unhealthy dietary habits and low physical activity is highly prevalent among youths in Duhok.
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References
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24. Ibrahim S, Al- Hadithi T, Ismail K (2020). Overweight and Obesity Associated Factors among High School Students: A Cross Sectional Study in Erbil. Medico-legal Update; 20 (1): 1296- 1301. https://doi.org/10.37506/v20/i1/2020/mlu/194481
2. World Health Organization. Healthy diet fact sheet [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 Apr 29 [Cited 2021 March 23]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/healthy-diet
3. Bull NL. Dietary habits, food consumption, and nutrient intake during adolescence. The Journal of adolescent health. 1992; 13(5): 384–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/1054-139x(92)90034-9
4. Larson NI, Miller JM, Watts AW, Story MT, Neumark-Sztainer. Adolescent Snacking Behaviors are Associated with Dietary Intake and Weight Status. The Journal of nutrition. 2016; 146(7): 1348–1355. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.230334
5. World Health Organization. Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health. Paris: World Health Organization; 2004.
6. Min K, Wang J, Liao W, Astell-Burt T, Feng X, Cai S, et al. Dietary patterns and their associations with overweight/obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing: a cross-sectional study. BMC public health. 2021; 21(1): 223. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10240-x
7. World Health Organization. Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
8. World Health Organization. Global Accelerated Action for the Health of Adolescents (AA-HA!): guidance to support country implementation. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017
9. Lock K, Pomerleau J, Causer L, Altmann DR, McKee M. The global burden of disease attributable to low consumption of fruit and vegetables: implications for the global strategy on diet. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2005; 83 (2): 100–108. (Europe PMC free article)
10. World Health Organization. Physical Activity fact sheet [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 Nov 26. [Cited 2021 March 27]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity
11. US Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. 2nd ed. Washington-DC: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2018.
12. World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
13. World Health Organization. Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018.
14. Guthold R, Stevens G, Riley L, Bull F. Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. The Lancet. Child & Adolescent Health. 2019; 4: 23 - 35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30323-2
15. World Health Organization. STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance (STEPS) [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. [Cited 2021 Sep 4]. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/noncommunicable-diseases/surveillance/systems-tools/steps/manuals#Part3
16. Musaiger A, Kalam F. Dietary habits and lifestyle among adolescents in Damascus, Syria. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014; 21(2):416-419. https://doi.org/10.5604/1232-1966.1108616 .
17. Al-Jawaldeh A, Taktouk M, Nasreddine L. Food Consumption Patterns and Nutrient Intakes of Children and Adolescents in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Call for Policy Action. Nutrients. 2020; 12(11):3345. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113345
18. Landais E, Moskal A, Mullee A, Nicolas G, Gunter MJ, Huybrechts I, et al. Coffee and Tea Consumption and the Contribution of Their Added Ingredients to Total Energy and Nutrient Intakes in 10 European Countries: Benchmark Data from the Late 1990s. Nutrients. 2018; 10 (6):725. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10060725
19. Ministry of Health-Turkey, WHO. National household health survey in turkey prevalence of noncommunicable disease risk factors 2017 [Internet]. Istanbul: Ministry of Health and WHO; 2018. [cited 2021 Sep 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2017-steps-country-report-turkey
20. Ministry of Health-Iraq, CSO, WHO. Noncommunicable Diseases Risk Factors STEPS Survey, Iraq 2015 [Internet]. Baghdad: Ministry of Health and WHO; 2016. [cited 2021 Sep 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2015-steps-country-report-iraq
21. Ministry of Health and Population-Egypt, CAPMAS, WHO. Egypt National STEPwise Survey For Noncommunicable Diseases Risk Factors Report 2017 [Internet]. Cairo: Ministry of Health and WHO; 2018. [cited 2021 Sep 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2017-steps-country-report-egypt
22. Sulaiman SJ, A1-AlAni MH. Prevalence of obesity and physical activity among primary school children in Erbil City/Iraq. Mosul Journal of Nursing. 2020; 8 (1): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.33899/mjn.2020.164353
23. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare AIHW. Insufficient physical activity [Internet]. Canberra; 2020. [cited 2021 June 23]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/risk-factors/insufficient-physical-activity
24. Ibrahim S, Al- Hadithi T, Ismail K (2020). Overweight and Obesity Associated Factors among High School Students: A Cross Sectional Study in Erbil. Medico-legal Update; 20 (1): 1296- 1301. https://doi.org/10.37506/v20/i1/2020/mlu/194481
Published
2022-01-07
How to Cite
YOUNIS AGHA, S., & AHMED RASHEED, B. (2022). DIETARY HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG YOUTH IN DUHOK, IRAQ. Duhok Medical Journal, 15(2), 29-38. Retrieved from http://dmj.uod.ac/index.php/dmj/article/view/161
Section
Articles
